In the vast field of cosmology, the Big Bang model has been the predominant theory for decades to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. However, alternative perspectives challenge this paradigm. One such perspective is proposed by our colleague Manuel Carabias Aguilar, a physicist and philosopher, in his series of videos on the Tractrix Universe, where he introduces his proposal as a more coherent and aesthetic alternative to the standard model.
YouTube Channel on the Tractrix Universe
Criticisms of the Big Bang Model
Carabias Aguilar identifies several inconsistencies in the Big Bang model, which posits an origin of the universe from a singularity:
Origin from nothing: The idea that the universe emerged from nothing with infinite energy seems to contradict the first law of thermodynamics, which states that matter and energy are neither created nor destroyed.
Accelerated expansion: Observations of an accelerated expansion of the universe raise questions about how this acceleration is possible if gravity is an attractive force.
Discouraging perspective: The Big Bang model suggests a future of “heat death,” where the universe reaches a state of maximum entropy and lack of structures, which Carabias Aguilar considers an unaesthetic and discouraging vision.
Proposal of the “Tractrix Universe”
As an alternative, Carabias Aguilar presents the Tractrix Universe, a model that addresses these inconsistencies:
Convergence instead of expansion: He proposes that the universe is not expanding but converging. This convergence implies that the universe is in constant contraction, gaining time and losing space due to acceleration.
Dynamic structure: He envisions the universe as a space-time fabric full of relationships, a dynamic network of matter and energy evolving toward increasing complexity.
Importance of the observer: In this model, the observer is an integral part of the description of the universe. Carabias Aguilar rejects the idea of an absolute external observer; instead, any cosmological model must be described from within, with the observer being part of the system.
CPT symmetry and anti-universe: The Tractrix Universe postulates the existence of an “anti-universe” as a mirror image of our own, respecting CPT symmetry (charge conjugation, parity, and time reversal), although not completely regarding time inversion.
Requirements for a Coherent Cosmological Model
Carabias Aguilar believes that any dynamic model of the universe must meet the following 14 requirements:
Internal description: The model must be formulated from the perspective of an observer within the universe.
Dynamic nature: It must reflect the dynamic and ever-changing nature of the cosmos.
Mathematical and graphical representation: It is essential to have a precise mathematical formulation and a visual representation that illustrates the key concepts.
Compatibility with relativity: The model must be consistent with the principles of the theory of relativity.
Consideration of redshift/blueshift: It must explain observable phenomena such as redshift or blueshift in the light spectrum.
Conformity with thermodynamic laws: Adherence to the laws of thermodynamics and entropy is fundamental.
Explanation of dissipative structures: It must account for the emergence and evolution of complex structures that dissipate energy.
Sufficient age of the universe: The model must allow for an age of the universe sufficient for the emergence of complex structures.
Existence of a mirror anti-model: It must consider the existence of an “anti-universe” or mirror model that complements our understanding of the cosmos.
Absence of absolute beginning or end: The model should not imply a definitive beginning or end, but rather a continuous process.
Incorporation of the observer: The observer must be an integral part of the description of the universe, not an external entity.
Explanation of emergent complexity: It must address how complex and conscious structures arise in the universe.
Aesthetic coherence: The model should offer a vision of the universe that is aesthetically satisfying and hopeful.
Logical consistency: It must avoid internal contradictions and be consistent with empirical observations.
Final Reflections
Manuel Carabias Aguilar’s Tractrix Universe challenges traditional notions of the Big Bang, proposing a converging universe that evolves toward increasing complexity. This model integrates the observer as an essential part of the cosmos and respects the fundamental laws of physics, offering a more coherent and aesthetic vision of the universe.
To delve deeper into this proposal, it is recommended to watch Carabias Aguilar’s videos on his YouTube channel and explore his publications.